Grant Information

IMPROVING THE QUALITY AND OVERALL SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SUBTROPICAL FRUIT INDUSTRIES OF CALIFORNIA

Sponsoring Institution National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Status COMPLETE
Funding Source HATCH
Division NIFA Formula
Reporting Frequency Annual
Project Director Arpaia, M
Accession Number 215752
Project Number CA-R-BPS-7777-H
Dates 2013-07-01 - 2018-06-30
Performing Department Botany and Plant Sciences
Recipient Organization UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE

RIVERSIDE,CA 92521
Keywords avocado
chilling injury
citrus
crop management
fruit quality
lemons
mandarins
oranges
plant improvement
postharvest handling
productivity
sensory analysis
subtropical fruits
sustainability
Research Effort Applied (0%)
Basic (0%)
Developmental (0%)
Classification Parameters
Knowledge AreaSubject of InvestigationField of SciencePercent
503 - Quality Maintenance in Storing and Marketing Food Products 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 15%
503 - Quality Maintenance in Storing and Marketing Food Products 999 - Citrus, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 15%
202 - Plant Genetic Resources 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1080 - Genetics (excludes breeding) 10%
203 - Plant Biological Efficiency and Abiotic Stresses Affecting Plants 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1081 - Breeding 10%
204 - Plant Product Quality and Utility (Preharvest) 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 10%
204 - Plant Product Quality and Utility (Preharvest) 999 - Citrus, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 10%
205 - Plant Management Systems 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 10%
205 - Plant Management Systems 999 - Citrus, general/other 1060 - Biology (whole systems) 10%
212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants 1099 - Tropical/subtropical fruit, general/other 1081 - Breeding 10%
Non-technical Summary

Situation: In California, the subtropical fruit industries are under economic pressure to maximize the productivity potential while minimizing the inputs into the agricultural and marketing system. Purpose: CE program is focused on problem solving research and the development of practical solutions and information that can be used directly by Californias citrus and avocado industries to ultimately enhance fruit quality reaching the consumer. Approach: Various approaches are utilized in the execution of this project. These include, but are not limited to, field and packinghouse research projects focused on the identification of the causes of postharvest loss and development of remedial actions. This includes the continued development of research methodologies to document the impact of these practices on eating quality. This includes conducting sensory testing in conjunction when appropriate with volatile analysis. Another significant component of this project is the improvement of avocado varietal material available to the California industry. Through the avocado scion breeding program we anticipate the identification of improved plant material that will be superior in fruit quality, seasonality, postharvest handling as well as productivity and pest and disease resistance.

Goals / Objectives

This 100% CE position works closely with two subtropical commodities, citrus and avocados, on matters of grower education, communication and research assessment. Research is focused on problem solving and the development of practical solutions and information that can be used directly by both industries. Major goals are as follows:

  1. Initiate and conduct research in subtropical tree and fruit physiology and management. Adapt results for industry use and extend information through publications, industry forums and Advisor training.
  2. Initiate and conduct research in subtropical fruit postharvest handling and storage. Implement results and extend this information through publications, industry forums, and Advisor training.
  3. Coordinate and facilitate mission-oriented short- and long-term collaborative research involving advising and serving on Task Forces, Panels, Committees, and other problem-solving groups.
  4. Interpret research findings for use by Advisors, industry, and affiliated agencies. Disseminate this information through one-to-one interactions, advisor, university or industry organized meetings, symposia and shortcourses, and other appropriate means.
  5. Function as a University resource person providing information for, and maintain liaison activities with, county- and area Advisors and Specialists, and with industry and regional, state, and federal governmental agencies, including serving on Panels, Committees, Boards, and other regulatory or advisory groups.
During the duration of this project, the following objectives will be accomplished within the framework of these goals:

  1. Continuation of the avocado scion breeding program. We seek new avocado varieties that have superior market quality, productivity, pest tolerance and growth habits. Continue evaluation of scion/rootstock interactions on productivity and tree health as new material is available.
  2. Continuation of avocado and citrus postharvest research and extension activities to optimize fruit quality to the consumer.
  3. Continue research on citrus and avocado postharvest quality with emphasis on sensory quality development during fruit maturation and postharvest handling.
  4. Continuation of research on 7-carbon sugar metabolism and the limiting factors to carbon assimilation in avocado. This research will ultimately help in formulating canopy management strategies guidelines.
  5. Continue educational activities including organizing and chairing the Annual Postharvest Pest Control Conference, participation in the UC Postharvest Shortcourse, grower meetings, seminars, industry committees and co-organizing Avocado Brainstorming 15.
  6. Continue Advisor consultation as needed and providing Advisors with timely information in area of expertise. Assist in coordinating UCCE activities in subtropical fruit crops and postharvest handling.
Methods (unparsed)

The approaches that will be taken will be varied and include both replicated field and laboratory work. We will follow standard approaches except where noted below. All data, when appropriate will be analyzed using accepted methods and if required, after consultation with a biometrician. Whenever possible and in response to particular needs, new methods will be developed. 1. Continuation of the avocado scion breeding program. This involves standard field evaluation methodologies including development of postharvest storage information. Collaboration with others to determine parentage through microsatellite or SNP markers will be pursued. 2. Continuation of avocado and citrus postharvest research and extension activities. Will continue to optimize handling practices such as waxing and treatment with fungicides or fumigants on citrus postharvest quality. Will continue research focused on discerning the factors involved in the development of avocado flavor and strategies to maximize flavor and texture quality. 3. Continue research on citrus and avocado postharvest quality with emphasis on sensory quality development during fruit maturation and postharvest handling. Research approach will include gas chromatograpy/olfactometry to identify odor-active volatiles. This will be linked to sensory analysis using standard methods including hedonic testing and difference testing. 4. Continuation of research on 7-carbon sugar metabolism and the limiting factors to carbon assimilation in avocado. This research will continue using analytical methods for identification of the pathway leading to 7C synthesis. We will utilize standard biochemical techniques and proteomics for identification of key enzymes involved in these processes. 5. Continue educational activities. Continue to provide information through various means including web-based outreach to Advisors and subtropical fruit industries. 6. Continue Advisor consultation as needed and providing Advisors with timely information in area of expertise. This will be accomplished through traditional means (visits etc.) as well as taking advantage of advances in electronic communication.

Project Timeline Tracking

Outputs

Target Audience
The target audience for my applied research program is the grower and packer community within California and the United States as well as county advisors and other statewide specialists. I also work directly with grower supported organizations such as the California Avocado Commission, the California Avocado Society and the Citrus Research Board when suitable. I have or currently serve on education outreach committees for both organizations. I have served as an interface between these organizations and UC whenever appropriate.

Changes / Problems
We experienced severe lack of funds for the avocado breeding program. This hampered our ability to grow the program and release material in a timely manner. We are currently actively seeking renewed funding from other sources.

Training & Professional Development
Provided post-doctoral research and staff research associate opportunity to attend Avcoado Brainstorming 2015 and 2018, an international meeting of avocado researchers. Also provided opportunity for both to attend 2015 World Avocado Congress in Peru. Provided opportunity for staff research associate to attend ISHS meeting in Istanbul, Turky in 2018.

Dissemination Streams
Postharvest information is disseminated to communities of interest primarily through participation in UC Postharvest Center outreach events such as the Postharvest Ripening Workshop and the Postharvest Technology Shortcourse. Numerous talks at citrus and avocado grower meetings which are jointly sponsored by UCCE and commodity boards.

Next Reporting Steps
Nothing Reported


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